I might have found the solution (in my case), I'm able to upload icons again.
Disclaimer: these are my findings and certainly not based on an in-depth Root Cause Analysis and related knwoledge
In summary:
As mentioned by others, also in this post, 'manually' uploading Custom Icons (as is suggested as alternative in the wiki
https://www.domoticz.com/wiki/Custom_ic ... binterface) is not a good practice. In that case, the icons nor the meta data are stored in the domoticz database. Although these icons might initially work, after for example an update of Domoticz, they will not show up again (workaround: save /home/pi/domoticz/www/switch_icons.txt and restore it after the update).
In my case, for some time already Custom Icons upload did not work anymore: Nothing happens, no error message, domoticz.db (table: CustomImages) did get updated though.
By manually applying some changes to the domoticz.db table CustomImages - in my case - Custom Icons upload would function as intended again.
I noted that the Custom Images records in that table, from a certain record onwards, did not show up anymore. I deleted all records in that Table from that point onwards. Thereafter, I was able to upload Custom Images as per normal.
The record in the table from which point onwards things failed, happened to have a value NULL for the small 16x16 icon. This could be coincidence, I did not verify that (perhaps some other glitch in that Tabel caused the problem). That NULL entry was the result of uploading a Custom Icon zip file with an 'empty' 16x16 png file (size = 0). Currently the icon tool
https://domoticz-icon.aurelien-loyer.fr/ creates such empty file as part of the zip (I'm reasonably sure that previously this tool created zip's with the small file present as 16 x 16 png).
To edit domoticz.db, I used a Windows version of this tool
https://sqlitebrowser.org/. There are many other tools for the same, also tools running on RPI. I just picked one.
High level: stop domoticz -> download domoticz.db -> store it as backup -> edit a copy of domoticz.db -> upload edited domoticz.db -> start domoticz. Making a backup copy of domoticz.db is important.
Comments appreciated!